{"id":19253,"date":"2024-07-26T08:17:30","date_gmt":"2024-07-26T00:17:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.varidata.com\/uncategorized-zh-cn\/how-amd-epyc-servers-boost-i-o-performance-in-data-centers\/"},"modified":"2025-04-03T11:37:28","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T03:37:28","slug":"how-amd-epyc-servers-boost-i-o-performance-in-data-centers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.varidata.com\/zh-cn\/blog\/how-amd-epyc-servers-boost-i-o-performance-in-data-centers\/","title":{"rendered":"AMD EPYC\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684I\/O\u6027\u80fd\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e86\u89e3AMD EPYC\u7684\u5148\u8fdbI\/O\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7ade\u4e89\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79df\u7528\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\uff0cAMD EPYC\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002EPYC\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027I\/O\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u672c\u7efc\u5408\u6307\u5357\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u521b\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fbe\u5230\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684I\/O\u6027\u80fd\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/p>\n

– \u6bcf\u4e2a\u63d2\u69fd\u6700\u591a128\u6761PCIe 4.0\u901a\u9053<\/p>\n

– \u65e0\u9700\u4e2d\u95f4\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u76f4\u63a5I\/O\u8bbf\u95ee<\/p>\n

– \u652f\u6301DDR5\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u63a7\u5236\u5668<\/p>\n

– I\/O\u5f00\u9500\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n

EPYC\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684I\/O\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/h2>\n

EPYC\u5e73\u53f0\u7684I\/O\u80fd\u529b\u6e90\u4e8e\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u82af\u7247\u7ec4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u590d\u5408\u4f53\uff08CCX\uff09\u90fd\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e13\u7528\u7684PCIe\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5e76\u884cI\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/h2>\n

EPYC\u4f18\u8d8a\u7684I\/O\u67b6\u6784\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee5\u524d\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5b58\u50a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n

\r\n# Enterprise NVMe Storage Configuration\r\n## RAID Configuration\r\nmdadm --create \/dev\/md0 --level=10 --raid-devices=8 \/dev\/nvme[0-7]n1\r\n--chunk=256K --layout=f2\r\n\r\n## File System Optimization\r\nmkfs.xfs \/dev\/md0 -d su=256k,sw=8 -l size=128m\r\n\r\n## Mount Options\r\nmount -o noatime,nodiratime,discard=async,io_submit_mode=hipri \/dev\/md0 \/data\r\n\r\n## NVMe Namespace Configuration\r\nnvme create-ns \/dev\/nvme0 \\\r\n  --nsze=0x5F5E100 \\\r\n  --ncap=0x5F5E100 \\\r\n  --flbas=0 \\\r\n  --dps=0 \\\r\n  --nmic=0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7f51\u7edc\u5806\u6808\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6700\u5927\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79df\u7528\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565\uff1a<\/p>\n
\r\n# Network Stack Tuning\r\n## IRQ Balance Configuration\r\ncat << EOF > \/etc\/sysconfig\/irqbalance\r\nIRQBALANCE_ONESHOT=yes\r\nIRQBALANCE_BANNED_CPUS=0000,0001\r\nEOF\r\n\r\n## Network Interface Configuration\r\nip link set eth0 mtu 9000\r\nethtool -G eth0 rx 4096 tx 4096\r\nethtool -C eth0 adaptive-rx on adaptive-tx on\r\nethtool -K eth0 gro on gso on tso on\r\n\r\n## TCP Stack Optimization\r\ncat << EOF >> \/etc\/sysctl.conf\r\nnet.core.rmem_max = 16777216\r\nnet.core.wmem_max = 16777216\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 1\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1\r\nnet.core.netdev_budget = 600\r\nnet.core.dev_weight = 64\r\nEOF\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u865a\u62df\u5316\u73af\u5883\u7684NUMA\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h2>\n
NUMA\uff08\u975e\u7edf\u4e00\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\u611f\u77e5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u5316\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u4f73I\/O\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79df\u7528\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u57fa\u4e8eKVM\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5b9e\u8df5\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
\r\n# QEMU\/KVM VM Configuration\r\n## CPU Topology and NUMA Configuration\r\n<domain type='kvm'>\r\n  <cpu mode='host-passthrough' check='none'>\r\n    <topology sockets='1' dies='1' cores='16' threads='2'\/>\r\n    <cache mode='passthrough'\/>\r\n    <numa>\r\n      <cell id='0' cpus='0-7' memory='32' unit='GiB' memAccess='shared'\/>\r\n      <cell id='1' cpus='8-15' memory='32' unit='GiB' memAccess='shared'\/>\r\n    <\/numa>\r\n    <feature policy='require' name='topoext'\/>\r\n  <\/cpu>\r\n  \r\n  <numatune>\r\n    <memory mode='strict' nodeset='0-1'\/>\r\n    <memnode cellid='0' mode='strict' nodeset='0'\/>\r\n    <memnode cellid='1' mode='strict' nodeset='1'\/>\r\n  <\/numatune>\r\n<\/domain>\r\n\r\n## Hugepages Configuration\r\necho 16384 > \/sys\/kernel\/mm\/hugepages\/hugepages-2048kB\/nr_hugepages\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u6846\u67b6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5b9e\u65bd\u5168\u9762\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u6700\u4f73I\/O\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5806\u6808\uff1a<\/p>\n
\r\n# Prometheus Configuration with Custom I\/O Metrics\r\nglobal:\r\n  scrape_interval: 15s\r\n  evaluation_interval: 15s\r\n\r\nscrape_configs:\r\n  - job_name: 'node_exporter'\r\n    static_configs:\r\n      - targets: ['localhost:9100']\r\n    metrics_path: '\/metrics'\r\n    params:\r\n      collect[]:\r\n        - diskstats\r\n        - meminfo\r\n        - netstat\r\n        - cpustat\r\n        - numa\r\n\r\n  - job_name: 'custom_io_metrics'\r\n    static_configs:\r\n      - targets: ['localhost:9091']\r\n    metric_relabel_configs:\r\n      - source_labels: [device]\r\n        regex: '^(nvme|sd)[a-z]+$'\r\n        action: keep\r\n\r\n# Grafana Dashboard JSON for I\/O Monitoring\r\n{\r\n  \"dashboard\": {\r\n    \"panels\": [\r\n      {\r\n        \"title\": \"IOPS by Device\",\r\n        \"type\": \"graph\",\r\n        \"datasource\": \"Prometheus\",\r\n        \"targets\": [\r\n          {\r\n            \"expr\": \"rate(node_disk_reads_completed_total[5m])\",\r\n            \"legendFormat\": \"{{device}} - reads\"\r\n          },\r\n          {\r\n            \"expr\": \"rate(node_disk_writes_completed_total[5m])\",\r\n            \"legendFormat\": \"{{device}} - writes\"\r\n          }\r\n        ]\r\n      }\r\n    ]\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b9e\u9645\u6027\u80fd\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fEPYC 9004\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0e\u524d\u51e0\u4ee3\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u57fa\u51c6\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a<\/p>\n
\r\n# Comprehensive Performance Benchmarks\r\n## Storage Performance (FIO Results)\r\nRandom Read (4K, QD32):\r\n  EPYC 9004: 1.2M IOPS @ 0.08ms latency\r\n  EPYC 7003: 850K IOPS @ 0.12ms latency\r\n  Improvement: 41%\r\n\r\nRandom Write (4K, QD32):\r\n  EPYC 9004: 980K IOPS @ 0.1ms latency\r\n  EPYC 7003: 720K IOPS @ 0.15ms latency\r\n  Improvement: 36%\r\n\r\nSequential Read (128K):\r\n  EPYC 9004: 25GB\/s\r\n  EPYC 7003: 19GB\/s\r\n  Improvement: 31%\r\n\r\n## Network Performance (iperf3 Results)\r\nTCP Throughout (100GbE):\r\n  EPYC 9004: 94.5 Gbps\r\n  EPYC 7003: 89.2 Gbps\r\n  Improvement: 5.9%\r\n\r\nUDP Latency (50th\/99th percentile):\r\n  EPYC 9004: 38\u03bcs \/ 89\u03bcs\r\n  EPYC 7003: 45\u03bcs \/ 112\u03bcs\r\n  Improvement: 15.5% \/ 20.5%\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9762\u5411\u672a\u6765\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u968f\u7740\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79df\u7528\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cAMD EPYC\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u589e\u957f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7a33\u56fa\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5e94\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5173\u952e\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n
\r\n# Performance Monitoring Best Practices\r\n## Daily Checks\r\nwatch -n 1 'cat \/proc\/interrupts | grep \"CPU\\|nvme\\|eth\"'\r\niostat -xz 1\r\nsar -n DEV 1\r\n\r\n## Weekly Analysis\r\n- Review Grafana dashboards for performance trends\r\n- Analyze network packet drops and retransmissions\r\n- Check NUMA statistics and memory allocation patterns\r\n\r\n## Monthly Optimization\r\n- Update firmware and drivers\r\n- Adjust kernel parameters based on workload patterns\r\n- Review and optimize VM placement for NUMA efficiency\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0cAMD EPYC\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79df\u7528\u73af\u5883\u4e2dI\/O\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u98de\u8dc3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8fd0\u8425\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e86\u89e3AMD EPYC\u7684\u5148\u8fdbI\/O\u67b6\u6784 \u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7ade\u4e89\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79df\u7528\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\uff0cAMD EPYC\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002EPYC\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u9769\u547d\u6027I\/O\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u672c\u7efc\u5408\u6307\u5357\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u521b\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fbe\u5230\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684I\/O\u6027\u80fd\u6c34\u5e73\u3002 \u4e3b\u8981\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a – \u6bcf\u4e2a\u63d2\u69fd\u6700\u591a128\u6761PCIe 4.0\u901a\u9053 – \u65e0\u9700\u4e2d\u95f4\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u76f4\u63a5I\/O\u8bbf\u95ee – \u652f\u6301DDR5\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u63a7\u5236\u5668 – I\/O\u5f00\u9500\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd EPYC\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684I\/O\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784 EPYC\u5e73\u53f0\u7684I\/O\u80fd\u529b\u6e90\u4e8e\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u82af\u7247\u7ec4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u590d\u5408\u4f53\uff08CCX\uff09\u90fd\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e13\u7528\u7684PCIe\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5e76\u884cI\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 \u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f EPYC\u4f18\u8d8a\u7684I\/O\u67b6\u6784\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee5\u524d\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5b58\u50a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a # Enterprise NVMe Storage Configuration ## RAID Configuration mdadm –create \/dev\/md0 –level=10 –raid-devices=8 \/dev\/nvme[0-7]n1 –chunk=256K –layout=f2 ## File System Optimization mkfs.xfs \/dev\/md0 -d su=256k,sw=8 -l size=128m ## Mount Options mount -o noatime,nodiratime,discard=async,io_submit_mode=hipri \/dev\/md0 \/data ## NVMe Namespace […]<\/p>\n
Read More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":19248,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAMD EPYC\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684I\/O\u6027\u80fd\uff1f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79df\u7528\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f18\u5316AMD EPYC\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f73I\/O\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ecPCIe\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u8c03\u4f18\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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